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* Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 643, Nantes, France;
Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France;
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation and
Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Nantes, France
Dendritic cells (DC) are professional APC endowed with the unique capacity to activate naive T cells. DC also have important effector functions during the innate immune response, such as pathogen recognition and cytokine production. In fact, DC represent the crucial link between innate and adaptive immune responses. However, DC are quite heterogeneous and various subsets endowed with specific pathogen recognition mechanisms, locations, phenotypes, and functions have been described both in rodents and in humans. A series of studies indicated that rodent as well as human DC could also mediate another important innate function, i.e., cell-mediated cytotoxicity, mostly toward tumor cells. In this article, we will review the phenotypes of these so-called killer DC, their killing mechanism, and putative implication in the immune response.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
1 Our work was supported by Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and the Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer.
2 Current address: Nuffield Department of Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, U.K.
3 Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Régis Josien, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 643, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, 30 Boulevard Jean Monnet, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France. E-mail address: Regis.Josien{at}univ-nantes.fr
4 Abbreviations used in this paper: DC, dendritic cell; cDC, conventional DC; FasL, Fas ligand; Gzm, granzyme; IKDC, IFN-producing killer DC; KDC, killer DC; LN, lymph node; MHCII, MHC class II; MoDC, monocyte-derived DC; mDC, myeloid DC; pDC, plasmacytoid DC.
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