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Neuraminidase- and Hemagglutinin-Inhibiting Antibodies in Serum and Nasal Secretions of Volunteers Immunized with Attenuated and Inactivated Influenza B/Eng/13/65 Virus Vaccines

Virus Research Laboratory, Lodge Moor Hospital, University of Sheffield, Sheffield 10, England

Abstract

The antibody response to virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase in serum and nasal secretions was studied in 19 volunteers immunized with attenuated or inactivated influenza B/Eng/13/65 virus vaccines. The live attenuated virus given intranasally produced high titers of neuraminidase- and hemagglutinin-inhibiting antibodies in nasal secretions and moderate titers in serum. High titers of hemagglutinin-inhibiting antibody were also present in nasal secretions and serum after subcutaneous immunization with inactivated influenza virus. However, the inactivated virus was found to produce little or no neuraminidase-inhibiting antibody in nasal secretion despite high titers of this antibody in the serum. Absorption studies indicated that the neuraminidase-inhibiting antibody in nasal secretion was associated with the IgA class of immunoglobin. These observations indicate that the intranasal administration of live virus was a better route for the stimulation of neuraminidase-inhibiting antibody in nasal secretion than a single subcutaneous dose of inactivated virus.